For any aircraft owner, ensuring the airworthiness of your machine is paramount. This not only guarantees the safety of yourself and others, but also adheres to the strict regulations set forth by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). In this realm, understanding the distinction between minor and major repairs is crucial, especially when dealing with the latter.
What is a Major Repair Under the FAA?
The FAA defines a major repair as any work done on an aircraft, its airframe, powerplant, propeller, or appliance, that, if improperly performed, could significantly impact:
Weight and balance: Improper repairs can alter the aircraft's center of gravity, affecting its stability and handling characteristics.
Structural strength: Compromised structural integrity can lead to catastrophic in-flight failures.
Performance: Engine or propeller issues can drastically impact power output and flight characteristics.
Powerplant operation: Improper repairs to the engine or fuel system can pose serious safety risks.
Flight characteristics: Altered handling qualities can significantly increase the risk of accidents.
Identifying a Major Repair:
While the specific details may vary depending on the aircraft type and the nature of the repair, some general indicators can help you determine if a repair falls under the "major" category:
Requires specific data for completion: If the repair necessitates following specific technical data or manuals not readily available in public domain resources, it's likely considered major.
Involves significant structural modification: This could include welding, riveting, or extensive component replacement on the airframe.
Affects the powerplant or propeller: Any repair directly impacting the engine, its control systems, or the propeller is likely considered major.
Performed by a certified mechanic: Major repairs must be completed by a mechanic holding the appropriate FAA certifications and licenses.
The FAA Form 337:
For any major repair or alteration, the FAA mandates the completion and filing of Form 337, also known as the "Major Repair and Alteration (Airframe, Powerplant, Propeller, or Appliance)" form. This document serves as a record of the repair, detailing the nature of the work, the parts used, and the mechanic responsible.
Seeking Guidance and Compliance:
If you're unsure whether a planned repair falls under the "major" category, it's crucial to consult with a certified mechanic or an FAA Aviation Safety Inspector (ASI). They can provide expert guidance and ensure your actions comply with regulations. Remember, prioritizing safety and adhering to FAA regulations are essential for responsible aircraft ownership and operation.
If you need assistance, please contact us and our in-house DER can assist you with determining best way to complete the repair or repair specification.
Additional Resources:
For further information and in-depth details, explore the following resources:
FAA website: https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/14/appendix-A_to_part_43
FAA Advisory Circular 43.9-1G: https://www.faa.gov/forms/index.cfm/go/document.information/documentid/185675
Order 8300.16A: https://www.faa.gov/regulations_policies/orders_notices/index.cfm/go/document.information/documentid/1035210
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